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Started on November 19, 2025

Movement terms that I learned during yoga teacher training

Joints, muscles, limbs and their anatomical movement terms

Term Is this a dynamic or static word? What it describes Example
Flexion Dynamic Joint angle decreasing (bones getting closer) Bending elbow, folding forward at hip
Extension Dynamic Joint angle increasing (bones moving apart) Straightening elbow, rising from forward fold
Concentric Dynamic Muscle shortening while contracting (powering movement) Quads shortening to rise from chair pose
Eccentric Dynamic Muscle lengthening while contracting (controlling movement) Quads lengthening to lower into chair pose
Isometric Static Muscle contracting with no length change (holding position) Quads engaged while holding chair pose
Adduction Dynamic Limb moving toward body's midline Squeezing inner thighs in chair pose
Abduction Dynamic Limb moving away from body's midline Lifting leg out to side in warrior 2

Key Insights

  • Eccentric requires the contraction (engagement) of a muscle while lengthening the muscle at the same time
  • Flexion/Extension = what the joint is doing (direction of movement)
  • Concentric/Eccentric/Isometric = what the muscle is doing (type of contraction)
  • All require derivative ≠ 0 except isometric (derivative = 0)
  • The same muscle can work eccentrically during flexion OR extension depending on its role
    • Example: Triceps work eccentrically during elbow flexion in chaturanga (controlling the bend)
    • Example: Triceps work concentrically during elbow extension when pressing up (creating the straightening)